Current criteria for the diagnosis of CKD in adults include persistent signs of kidney damage,
such as increased urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio or a GFR below the threshold of 60 …

Importance Changes in kidney function are typically followed by the sequential estimation of
glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Formulae for eGFR work well on a population basis, but …

Background Population mean GFR is lower in older age, but it is unknown whether healthy
aging is associated with preserved rather than lower GFR in some individuals. Methods We …

Background Because of the vulnerability and frailty of elderly adults, clinical drug
development has traditionally been biased towards young and middle-aged adults. Recent …

Background There is a need for a large, contemporary, multi-centre series of measured
glomerular filtration rates (mGFR) from healthy individuals to determine age-and gender …

Background: Normal kidney function or, more specifically, normal glomerular filtration rate
(GFR) in men and women and its decline with age is still much debated today. The Chronic …

AIMS Pregnant women can be exposed to numerous drugs during the gestational period.
For obvious ethical reasons, in vivo studies of fetal exposure to drugs are limited. Information …

Background Pregnant women and their fetuses are exposed to numerous drugs; however,
they are orphan populations with respect to the safety and efficacy of drugs. Therefore, the …

Background Excess extracellular volume is a major clinical problem in patients with chronic
kidney disease (CKD). However, whether the extracellular volume status is associated with …

Background Obesity is a risk factor for end-stage renal disease. Renal hyperfiltration,
defined as an abnormally high glomerular filtration rate (GFR), is a link in the causal chain …