Evaluating climate models with the CLIVAR 2020 ENSO metrics package

YY Planton, E Guilyardi, AT Wittenberg… - Bulletin of the …, 2021 - journals.ametsoc.org
Abstract El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant mode of interannual climate
variability on the planet, with far-reaching global impacts. It is therefore key to evaluate …

A brief review of ENSO theories and prediction

X Fang, R Xie - Science China Earth Sciences, 2020 - Springer
Abstract Although the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) originates and develops in the
equatorial Pacific, it has substantial climatic impacts around the globe. Thus, the ability to …

Comparison of past and future simulations of ENSO in CMIP5/PMIP3 and CMIP6/PMIP4 models

JR Brown, CM Brierley, SI An, MV Guarino… - Climate of the …, 2020 - cp.copernicus.org
El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the strongest mode of interannual climate variability
in the current climate, influencing ecosystems, agriculture, and weather systems across the …

ENSO irregularity and asymmetry

SI An, E Tziperman, YM Okumura… - El Niño Southern …, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
Summary The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is characterized by being irregular or
nonperiodic and asymmetric between El Niño and La Niña with respect to amplitude …

Redefined background state in the tropical Pacific resolves the entanglement between the background state and ENSO

P Huang, Y Chen, J Li, H Yan - npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, 2024 - nature.com
Understanding the co-variability between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the
background state in the tropical Pacific is critical for projecting future ENSO. The difficulty is …

Circulation typing with fuzzy rotated T-mode principal component analysis: methodological considerations

CC Ibebuchi, MB Richman - Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2023 - Springer
Circulation typing using rotated T-mode decomposition (ie, variable is time series and
observation is grid points) principal component analysis (PCA) requires up to four important …

[PDF][PDF] Mid-latitude leading double-dip La Niña

JH Park, SI An, JS Kug, YM Yang, T Li, HS Jo - Int. J. Climatol, 2021 - researchgate.net
Understanding the evolution asymmetry between El Niño and La Niña events is challenging.
Unlike El Niño, most La Niña events are characterised by a double-dip cooling (aka multi …

ENSO skewness hysteresis and associated changes in strong El Niño under a CO2 removal scenario

C Liu, SI An, FF Jin, MF Stuecker, W Zhang… - npj Climate and …, 2023 - nature.com
Abstract El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly
skewness encapsulates the nonlinear processes of strong ENSO events and affects future …

ENSO response to high‐latitude volcanic eruptions in the Northern Hemisphere: The role of the initial conditions

FSR Pausata, C Karamperidou… - Geophysical …, 2016 - Wiley Online Library
A large ensemble of Earth System Model simulations is analyzed to show that high‐latitude
Northern Hemisphere eruptions give rise to El Niño‐like anomalies in the winter following …

[HTML][HTML] ENSO asymmetry in CMIP6 models

Y Zhao, DZ Sun - Journal of Climate, 2022 - journals.ametsoc.org
An interesting aspect of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon is the
asymmetry between its two phases. This paper evaluates the simulations of this property of …