This article provides a broad review of research around black political representation in
Congress and state legislatures. We begin by exploring trends in black representation in …

We argue that characteristics of unelected officials directly influence individuals' perceptions
and evaluations of them. These evaluations then have indirect, downstream consequences …

Previous studies have found an 'empowerment effect'of minority representation, but often
face a difficult methodological obstacle: any observed correlation between visible political …

This study investigated the mental health significance of Barack Obama's 2012 presidential
re-election among Blacks. Upon his re-election, we hypothesized Blacks would either feel …

Minority voters are more likely to vote in the presence of a co-ethnic candidate. We argue
that co-ethnicity should be significantly related to the decision to cast a ballot prior to …

Advocacy for historically marginalized groups is often attributed to officeholders who are
viewed as group members themselves, called “descriptive representatives.” However, this …

How does descriptive representation affect the voter turnout of African Americans? Though
theories state that electing officials who belong to a minority group should lead to greater …

The question of how descriptive representation might affect political behaviour and attitudes
is important when considering the role political attitudes play in facilitating a functioning …

Social scientists have long recognized women as being both more religious and more
liberal than men. Indeed, men have been disaffiliating from churches and the Democratic …

The experiences of people of color within the nonprofit sector is a perspective that is often
not heard. This study examines the public service motivation and the perceptions of public …