Due to their electrochemical and economical characteristics, pencil graphite electrodes
(PGEs) gained in recent years a large applicability to the analysis of various types of …

Potentiometric ion sensors or ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) are an important subgroup of
electrochemical sensors. 1-3 ISEs are characterized by small size, portability, low-energy …

Water contamination is a major problem all over the world and it is important to monitor the
contaminating ions regularly to keep the groundwater or drinking water safe. The nitrate ion …

Conducting polymers, ie, electroactive conjugated polymers, are useful both as ion‐to‐
electron transducers and as sensing membranes in solid‐state ion‐selective electrodes …

Strategies to facilitate detection enhancement in various methods of nitrate detection are
presented in this paper. The main nitrate detection methods for the past 10 years will be …

Agriculture sector has been greatly influenced by the recent advances in electrical
engineering. Nitrogen (N), from fertilizer, remains one of the largest input to surface and …

In this work, we present a lactate-selective potentiometric sensor as simple, low cost and
non-enzymatic alternative for application in three different biological fluids. The selectivity of …

This article examines the usefulness of a conducting polymer, polypyrrole, in the design of
molecularly imprinted polymer-based sensors. Basic electrochemical techniques previously …

Potentiometric detection of fluoro-surfactants formulated in aqueous film-forming foams
(AFFFs) is demonstrated using molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) formed on pencil lead …

This work describes the development and testing of a sensitive and selective potentiometric
nitrate microsensor based on doped polypyrrole films. Utilizing 6–7μm carbon fibers as a …