Soil freeze-thaw (FT) and dry-wet (DW) cycles are brief transitory biophysical changes, but
these events have important implications in determining the timing and magnitude of N 2 O …

The distribution of frost table depths on a peat‐covered permafrost slope was examined in a
discontinuous permafrost region in northern Canada over 4 consecutive years at a variety of …

A dramatic reduction in soil frost depth has been reported for Hokkaido Island of northern
Japan over the last 20 years. Since soil frost strongly affects snowmelt infiltration and runoff …

Approximately 50% of soils in the Northern Hemisphere experience seasonal freezing and
thawing, which influences physical, chemical, and biological processes in the vadose zone …

Long‐term data from the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in New Hampshire show that
air temperature has increased by about 1° C over the last half century. The warmer climate …

In temperate forest ecosystems, accelerated freeze–thaw cycles caused by winter climate
change are expected to affect nitrogen (N) cycling in soils. Net N mineralization and …

Snow distribution has been altered over the past decades under global warming, with a
significant reduction in duration and extent of snow cover and an increase in unprecedented …

A scientific description of climate suitability of crop distribution is of great significance to
mitigate negative effects of climate change and ensure food security. We investigated for the …

Seasonal snow cover has an important impact on the difference between soil-and air
temperature because of the insulation effect, and is therefore a key parameter in ecosystem …

Core Ideas Macropores allow water infiltration into a frozen soil close to 0° C and at high
water saturation. Connected biopores channel water beneath the frozen layer. Frozen layer …