The WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 mo of life to promote optimal
infant health and development. Understanding the micro-and macronutrient concentrations …

Vitamin B12 (hereafter referred to as B12) deficiency in pregnancy is prevalent and has
been associated with both lower birth weight (birth weight< 2,500 g) and preterm birth …

ABSTRACT Vitamin B-12 deficiency (< 148 pmol/L) is associated with adverse maternal and
neonatal outcomes, including developmental anomalies, spontaneous abortions …

Background Breast milk is the sole source of nutrition for exclusively breastfed infants in the
first 6 mo of life, yet few studies have measured micronutrient concentrations in breast milk in …

Micronutrients are fundamental for healthy brain development and deficiencies during early
development can have a severe and lasting impact on cognitive outcomes. Evidence …

Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended by the WHO for the first 6 mo of life because
human milk protects against gastrointestinal infections and supplies balanced and adequate …

There is a strong biological premise for including vitamin B12 with folic acid in strategies to
prevent neural tube defects (NTDs), due to the closely interlinked metabolism of these two …

The maternal environment during the periconceptional period influences foetal growth and
development, in part, via epigenetic mechanisms moderated by one-carbon metabolic …

Research conducted on food systems by higher institutions can contribute to sustainable
food security and nutrition at a local level and reduce the impact of societal challenges such …

Background Little is known regarding the associations between maternal factors and B-
vitamin and choline concentrations in early milk and the trajectories of these vitamins during …