Cities are centres of innovation and wealth creation, but also hotspots of air pollution and
noise, heat island effects and lack of green space, which are all detrimental to human health …

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are fatal for more than 38 million people each year
and are thus the main contributors to the global burden of disease accounting for 70% of …

Cities worldwide have declared aspirations to become “10, 15, or 20-minute cities.” This
goal is often part of a strategy to reduce emissions and achieve sustainable and healthy …

Background Ambient air pollution is a major environmental cause of morbidity and mortality
worldwide. Cities are generally hotspots for air pollution and disease. However, the exact …

Background Natural outdoor environments including green spaces play an important role in
preserving population health and wellbeing in cities, but the number of deaths that could be …

Given the important role of green environments playing in healthy cities, the inequality in
urban greenspace exposure has aroused growing attentions. However, few comparative …

Introduction Half the world population lives in cities and this is likely to increase to 70% over
the next 20 years. Suboptimal urban and transport planning has led to eg high levels of air …

The growing urban transport sector presents towns and cities with an escalating challenge
in the reduction of their greenhouse gas emissions. Here we assess the effectiveness of …

Goals and pathways to achieve sustainable urban development have multiple interlinkages
with human health and wellbeing. However, these interlinkages have not been examined in …

Background Cities are an important driving force to implement the Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs) and the New Urban Agenda. The SDGs provide an operational framework to …