The monoamine model of depression has long formed the basis of drug development but
fails to explain treatment resistance or associations with stress or inflammation. Recent …

Lithium (Li+) is a first option treatment for adult acute episodes of Bipolar Disorder (BD) and
for the prophylaxis of new depressed or manic episodes. It is also the preferred choice as …

As the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system,
glutamate plays a key role in many central pathologies, including gliomas, psychiatric …

The exact neurobiological mechanisms of bipolar disorder (BD) remain unknown. However,
some neurometabolites could be implicated, including Glutamate (Glu), Glutamine (Gln) …

Neuropsychiatric disorders including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive-
compulsive disorder (OCD), major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and …

Objectives Glutamatergic transmission and N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptors (NMDARs)
have been implicated in the pathophysiology schizophrenic spectrum and major depressive …

Background The glutamatergic system is thought to play an important role in the
pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). While there has been an increase in proton …

The event-related potential, mismatch negativity (MMN), has been touted as a robust and
specific neurophysiological biomarker of schizophrenia. Earlier studies often included …

The auditory mismatch negativity, a component of the event-related potential elicited by an
unexpected stimulus in a sequence of acoustic stimuli, provides an objective measure of the …

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalogram (EEG), and diffusion
tensor imaging (DTI) recording have complementary spatiotemporal resolution limitations …