O'Malley and Chamot review the literature on learning strategies, describe and classify
learning strategies in second language learning, and discuss why learning is affected in a …

This article is broadly concerned with the differences between individual language learners.
In terms of particular content areas of Individual Differences (ID) research, it surveys …

It has been customary among both language teachers and testers to regard listening as a
separate skill in language proficiency. However, the evidence for the existence of listening …

This article summarizes some of the main issues, concerns, and debates that have ensued
over the years in the field of L2 assessment and shows how past concerns have shaped …

• Section A, Introduction, establishes the key terms and concepts and extends readers'
techniques of analysis through practical application.• Section B, Extension, brings together …

Learner Strategy Use and Performance on Language Tests investigates the relationships
between learner strategy use and performance on second language tests. To this effect, it …

What C-tests actually measure has been an issue of debate for many years. In the present
research, the authors examined the hypothesis that C-tests measure general language …

This paper examines the importance of learner characteristics in relationship to learner
performance on ESL tests. It is argued here that test taker characteristics are not included in …

Winner of the SAGE/ILTA Book Award 2016 Re-examining Language Testing explores
ideas that form the foundations of language testing and assessment. The discussion is …

The primary problems in measuring speaking ability through an oral interview procedure are
not those related to efficiency or reliability, but rather those associated with examining the …