BACKGROUND: Up to two-thirds of patients report moderate to severe surgical site pain
after craniotomy procedures, and there is understandable reluctance to manage these …

Craniotomy pain may be severe and is often undertreated. Pain management following
craniotomy is a balancing act of achieving adequate analgesia but avoiding sedation …

Emergence agitation is a frequent complication that can have serious consequences during
recovery from general anesthesia. However, agitation has been poorly investigated in …

The anesthetic plan for patients undergoing awake craniotomy, when compared to
craniotomy under general anesthesia, is different, in that it requires changes in states of …

Aim To examine the validity of behaviours and fluctuations in vital signs for pain assessment
of postbrain surgery adults in the neurosurgical intensive care unit. Background Many …

Pain following brain surgery can compromise the result of surgery. Several pharmacological
interventions have been used to prevent postoperative pain in adults undergoing brain …

Postoperative pain after neurosurgery is common and more severe than many physicians
and patients anticipate. 1–4 Approximately 60% of patients experience pain following …

Background: We conducted a randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of
dexmedetomidine for prophylactic analgesia and sedation in patients with delayed …

Objective: The objective of this retrospective study was to determine whether an NSAID-
based opioid-sparing pain management protocol (OSP) is effective in analgesic control of …

Background: Patients experience severe pain after craniotomy surgery that leads to
discomfort. Our target in this study that performed in interventional method is an evaluation …