Critical-sized bone defect repair remains a substantial challenge in clinical settings and
requires bone grafts or bone substitute materials. However, existing biomaterials often do …

Biofabricated tissues have found numerous applications in tissue engineering and
regenerative medicine in addition to the promotion of disease modeling and drug …

Abstract 3D bioprinting is a pioneering technology that enables fabrication of biomimetic,
multiscale, multi-cellular tissues with highly complex tissue microenvironment, intricate …

This paper discusses “bioink”, bioprintable materials used in three dimensional (3D)
bioprinting processes, where cells and other biologics are deposited in a spatially controlled …

Extrusion-based bioprinting (EBB) is a rapidly growing technology that has made substantial
progress during the last decade. It has great versatility in printing various biologics, including …

In the last decade, interest in the field of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has increased
enormously. 3D bioprinting combines the fields of developmental biology, stem cells, and …

Tissue engineering (TE) is a highly interdisciplinary research field driven by the goal to
restore, replace, or regenerate defective tissues. Throughout more than two decades of …

Cellular spheroids are aggregates of cells that are being explored to address fundamental
biological questions and as building blocks for engineered tissues. Spheroids possess …

Abstract 3D bioprinting is a group of rapidly growing techniques that allows building
engineered tissue constructs with complex and hierarchical structures, mechanical and …

Bioprinting is a technology with the prospect to change the way many diseases are treated,
by replacing the damaged tissues with live de novo created biosimilar constructs. However …