Antiretroviral therapy can effectively block HIV-1 replication and prevent or reverse
immunodeficiency in HIV-1-infected individuals. However, viral replication resumes within …

The early immune response to HIV-1 infection is likely to be an important factor in
determining the clinical course of disease. Recent data indicate that the HIV-1 quasispecies …

Despite long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-1 persists within a reservoir of CD4+ T
cells that contribute to viral rebound if treatment is interrupted. Identifying the cellular …

At a time of unprecedented expansion in the life sciences, evolution is the one theory that
transcends all of biology. Any observation of a living system must ultimately be interpreted in …

Leptin is a hormone secreted by adipocytes that plays a pivotal role in regulating food
intake, energy expenditure and neuroendocrine function. Leptin stimulates the oxidation of …

Establishing a CD8+ T cell–mediated immune correlate of protection in HIV disease is
crucial to the development of vaccines designed to generate cell-mediated immunity …

Studies on HIV virology and pathogenesis address the complex mechanisms that result in
the HIV infection of the cell and destruction of the immune system. These studies are …

Progressive loss of T cell functionality is a hallmark of chronic infection with human
immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1). We have identified a novel population of dysfunctional T …

We studied the prevalent cytotoxic CD8 T cell response mounted against severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike glycoprotein 269-277 epitope …

Selection of T-cell vaccine antigens for chronic persistent viral infections has been largely
empirical. To define the relationship, at the population level, between the specificity of the …