The conventional extracting–transforming–loading (ETL) system is typically operated on a
single machine not capable of handling huge volumes of geospatial big data. To deal with …

With the rapid development of big data, numerous industries have turned their focus from
information research and construction to big data technologies. Earth science and …

A GIS audit framework is necessary considering the diverse nature of GIS with regard to
components, applications and industry. In practice, checklists are generated during the audit …

Representing the topological relations between directed spatial objects has gained
increasing attention in recent years. Although topological relations between directed lines …

A topological relation may be described by different words, and the significance of
topological relation models lies in clarifying the semantics of topological relations among …

Skeleton network extraction is a crucial context in studying the core structure and essential
information on complex networks. The objective of this paper is to introduce the novel …

Considering the multiscale characteristics of the human visual system and any natural
scene, the spatial autocorrelation of remotely sensed imagery, and the multilevel spatial …