Biological diversity of agriculture consists of several analytic levels and spatial management
scales that are subject to complex interactions with global change. The complexity of …

While there have been rapid advances in assessments of biodiversity and ecosystem
services (BES), a critical remaining challenge is how to move from scientific knowledge to …

Declining biodiversity (BD) is affecting food security, agricultural sustainability, and
environmental quality. Agroforestry (AF) is recognized as a possible partial solution for BD …

As reported by FAO (2005 State of the World's Forests (Rome: UNFAO), 2010 Forest
Resource Assessment (FRA) 2010/095 (Rome: UNFAO)), Indonesia experiences the …

This article canvasses the current definitions and framings of “agroforestry” in different
academic literature and policies. Three key framings of “agroforestry” are identified in the …

This paper reviews hypotheses and evidence about the development pathways (common
patterns of change in livelihood strategies) occurring in hillside and highland areas and their …

Agricultural technologies and tropical deforestation: Introduction: the role of agricultural
technologies in tropical deforestat Page 1 Introduction Arild Angelsen and David Kaimowitz 1 …

Although food-production systems for the world's rural poor typically have had devastating
effects on the planet's wealth of genes, species, and ecosystems, that need not be the case …

Agroforestry tree domestication emerged as a farmer-driven, market-led process in the early
1990s and became an international initiative. A participatory approach now supplements the …

This paper discusses the theory of decentralized forest management, the associated
narrative and the underlying hypotheses. That discussion informs the assessment of …