The most commonly used treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD) is levodopa, prescribed in
conjunction with carbidopa. Virtually all patients with PD undergo dopamine replacement …

The use of animals as models of human physiology is, and has been for many years, an
indispensable tool for understanding the mechanisms of human disease. In Parkinson's …

Abstract Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) are frequently present in the general
population as patients age with approximately a third of individuals experiencing LUTS …

Levodopa treatment remains the gold standard for Parkinson's disease, but shortcomings
related to the pharmacological profile, notably, oral administration and the consequent …

Millions of individuals around the world are afflicted with Parkinson's disease (PD), a
prevalent and incapacitating neurodegenerative disorder. Dr. Reichmann, a distinguished …

Introduction Levodopa remains the gold-standard Parkinson's disease (PD) treatment, but
the inevitable development of motor complications has led to intense activity in pursuit of its …

Motor symptoms are a core feature of Parkinson's disease (PD) and cause a significant
burden on patients' quality of life. Oral levodopa is still the most effective treatment, however …

Inhibitors of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) are
major strategies to reduce levodopa degradation and thus to increase and prolong its effect …

Background: Non-motor symptoms (NMS) are an important and ubiquitous determinant of
quality of life in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, robust evidence for their treatment is still …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder
worldwide [1]. From the pathological perspective, the etiology of the disease is the death of …