The pathophysiological background of decompensated cirrhosis is characterised by a
systemic proinflammatory and pro-oxidant milieu that plays a major role in the development …

The liver is a crucial metabolic organ that has a key role in maintaining immune and
endocrine homeostasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that chronic liver disease might …

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a multifaceted condition with poor treatment options
and high short-term mortality. ACLF can develop in patients with or without liver cirrhosis …

Ascites, a common complication of liver cirrhosis, eventually becomes refractory to diuretic
therapy and sodium restriction in∼ 10% of patients. Multiple pathogenetic factors are …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of liver cirrhosis and is of the utmost
clinical and prognostic relevance. Patients with cirrhosis, especially decompensated …

Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy historically has been confused as alcoholic cardiomyopathy. The
key points for diagnosis of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy have been well explained, however this …

Background Cardiac involvement in liver cirrhosis in the absence of underlying cardiac
disease is termed cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. The pathophysiology of this condition is still …

Hepatorenal syndrome is a complication of liver cirrhosis with ascites that results from the
complex interplay of many pathogenetic mechanisms. Advanced cirrhosis is characterized …

Simple Summary During the development of chronic liver disease, the hepatic sinusoid
undergoes major changes that further compromise the hepatic function, inducing persistent …

Severe allograft dysfunction, as opposed to the expected immediate function, following liver
transplantation is a major complication, and the clinical manifestations of such that lead to …