In the developed world, individuals spend most of their time indoors. Poor Indoor Air Quality
(IAQ) has a wide range of effects on human health. The burden of disease associated with …

This research paper presents a comprehensive review of different types of air pollutants,
their concentration levels, sources contributing to air pollution, health impacts of pollutants …

The air quality in the subway metro indoor microenvironment has been of particular public
concern. With specific reference to the growing demand of green transportation and …

Environmental health in subway stations, a typical type of urban underground space, is
becoming increasingly important. Ventilation is the principal measure for optimizing the …

Due to the rapidly increasing ridership and the relatively enclosed underground space, the
indoor air quality (IAQ) in underground subway stations (USSs) has attracted more public …

Open landfilling is a common practice of waste dumping in developing countries, generating
a range of environmental and public health hazards. In this study, we determined the …

The time a person spends in daily commutes in large cities may represent a major intake of
airborne pollutants. In this context, assessments of the variability in exposure to pollutants …

Traffic junctions are one of the crowded places where commuters are at high risk of
developing respiratory infections, due to their greater exposure to airborne and human …

Rapidly increasing urbanization in recent decades has elevated the subway as the primary
public transportation mode in metropolitan areas. Indoor air quality (IAQ) inside subways is …

Nowadays, PM2. 5 concentrations greatly influence indoor air quality in subways and
threaten passenger and staff health because PM2. 5 not only contains heavy metal …