Myokines are muscle‐derived cytokines and chemokines that act extensively on organs and
exert beneficial metabolic functions in the whole‐body through specific signal networks …

The crosstalk between endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes has emerged as a requisite for
normal cardiac development, but also a key pathogenic player during the onset and …

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has been recognized as the greatest
single unmet need in cardiovascular medicine. Indeed, the morbi-mortality of HFpEF is high …

Apelin and Elabela (ELA) are endogenous ligands of angiotensin domain type 1 receptor-
associated proteins (APJ). Apelin/ELA-APJ signal is widely distributed in the cardiovascular …

The apelin/apelin receptor (ApelinR) signal transduction pathway exerts essential biological
roles, particularly in the cardiovascular system. Disturbances in the apelin/ApelinR axis are …

The apelinergic pathway has been generating increasing interest in the past few years for its
potential as a therapeutic target in several conditions associated with the cardiovascular and …

Apelin, a peptide with several active isoforms ranging from 36 to 12 amino acids and its
receptor APJ, a G-protein-coupled receptor, are widely distributed. However, apelin has …

Apelin is an inotropic and cardioprotective peptide that exhibits beneficial effects through
activation of the APJ receptor in the pathology of cardiovascular diseases. Apelin induces …

Purpose AMG 986 is a novel apelin receptor (APJ) agonist that improves cardiac contractility
in animal models without adversely impacting hemodynamics. This phase 1b study …

The myocardium has an intrinsic ability to sense and respond to mechanical load in order to
adapt to physiological demands. Primary examples are the augmentation of myocardial …