Transmission spectroscopy,–of exoplanets has revealed signatures of water vapour,
aerosols and alkali metals in a few dozen exoplanet atmospheres,. However, these previous …

Several theories have been proposed to describe the formation of black hole seeds in the
early Universe and to explain the emergence of very massive black holes observed in the …

Measuring the abundances of carbon and oxygen in exoplanet atmospheres is considered a
crucial avenue for unlocking the formation and evolution of exoplanetary systems,. Access to …

Abstract The James Webb Space Telescope is now detecting early black holes (BHs) as
they transition from" seeds" to supermassive BHs. Recently, Bogdan et al. reported the …

Seven rocky planets orbit the nearby dwarf star TRAPPIST-1, providing a unique opportunity
to search for atmospheres on small planets outside the Solar System. Thanks to the recent …

Terrestrial and sub-Neptune planets are expected to form in the inner (less than 10 au)
regions of protoplanetary disks. Water plays a key role in their formation,–, although it is yet …

Carbon is an essential element for life but how much can be delivered to young planets is
still an open question. The chemical characterization of planet-forming disks is a crucial step …

The abundances of main carbon-and oxygen-bearing gases in the atmospheres of giant
exoplanets provide insights into atmospheric chemistry and planet formation processes …

Of the approximately 25 directly imaged planets to date, all are younger than 500 Myr, and
all but six are younger than 100 Myr (ref.). Eps Ind A (HD209100, HIP108870) is a K5V star …

Observations of transiting gas giant exoplanets have revealed a pervasive depletion of
methane,,–, which has only recently been identified atmospherically,. The depletion is …