Most children aged five years and older can provide meaningful self‐reports of pain intensity
if they are provided with age‐appropriate tools and training. Self‐reports of pain intensity are …

Assessment provides the foundation for diagnosis, selection of treatments, and evaluation of
treatment effectiveness for pediatric patients with acute, recurrent, and chronic pain …

Abstract The Faces Pain Scale (FPS; Bieri et al., Pain 41 (1990) 139) is a self-report
measure used to assess the intensity of children's pain. Three studies were carried out to …

Background Few investigators have evaluated pain assessment tools in the critical care
setting. Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry …

Acute pain is a highly complex, dynamic, subjective experience that is useful to growing
children, serving to warn them of danger and limiting exposure to additional injury. Children …

Pain assessment remains difficult in children with cognitive impairment (CI). In this study, we
evaluated the validity and reliability of the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) …

Scale: A Comparison with the Page 1 FLACC Behavioral Pain Assessment Scale: A
Comparison with the Child's Self-Report The purpose of this study was to further test the validity …

BACKGROUND: Difficulty assessing pain has been cited as one of the primary reasons for
infrequent and inadequate assessment and analgesia for children with cognitive impairment …

Inadequate pain assessment in children may lead to an underestimation of pain, and
consequently, undertreatment in this population. This article provides an overview of pain …

Purpose: The objective of this study was to analyze the assessment of pain and distress by
the child, dentist, and independent observers during a dental injection and study the …