During the past few decades, the science of toxicology has been undergoing a
transformation from observational to predictive science. New approach methodologies …

The real biological effect is not generated by the total content of heavy metals (HMs), but
rather by bioavailable content. A new bioavailability-based ecological risk assessment (BA …

The tire wear transformation product 6PPD-quinone (6PPDQ) has been implicated as the
causative factor for broad scale mortality events for coho salmon in the Pacific Northwest …

Earlier mechanistic studies of many prohibited flame retardants (FRs) highlighted their
thyroid hormone-disrupting activity through nuclear thyroid hormone receptors (nTRs) …

Fish cell-based assays represent potential alternative methods to vertebrates' use in
ecotoxicology. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of thirteen chemicals, chosen from …

Zebrafish embryos (ZFE) is a widely used model organism, employed in various research
fields including toxicology to assess eg, developmental toxicity and endocrine disruption …

Chemical cocktails in the environment can cause adverse impacts on ecosystems and
human health even at low concentrations. Effect-directed analysis (EDA) has proven to be …

Produced water (PW) is a hypersaline waste stream generated from the shale oil and gas
industry, consisting of numerous anthropogenic and geogenic compounds. Despite prior …

The application of the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement) in animal
experimentation has recently concentrated its efforts on utilizing cellular systems to predict …

Acute toxicity determination is essential in the ecological risk assessment. Traditionally,
acute toxicity testing requires substantial numbers of animals and uses death as an apical …