Numerous honeybee (Apis mellifera) products, such as honey, propolis, and bee venom, are
used in traditional medicine to prevent illness and promote healing. Therefore, this insect …

Gut microbiota research is an emerging field that improves our understanding of the
ecological and functional dynamics of gut environments. The honey bee gut microbiota is a …

In a natural ecosystem, various organisms digest and hydrolyze lignocellulose biomass
efficiently. Termites are one of them. They digest lignocellulose biomass with the help of …

American foulbrood (AFB) is a cosmopolitan bacterial disease that affects honey bee (Apis
mellifera) larvae and causes great economic losses in apiculture. Currently, no satisfactory …

Uprising fossil fuel depletion and deterioration of ecological reserves supply have led to the
search for alternative renewable and sustainable energy sources and chemicals. Although …

Pretreatment is a vital step to enhance the yield of total reducing sugars and biofuel
production from lignocellulose biomass. An effective new lignin-degrading and …

Bacillus species isolated from honeybee Apis mellifera gut, honey and bee bread samples
were characterized for their in vitro probiotic and safety attributes. Alpha and γ haemolytic …

The predatory ladybird beetle, Harmonia axyridis, is a predominant natural enemy of pest
insects in cotton fields. Commercialization of genetically modified crops has promoted the …

Bees and their microbes interact in complex networks in which bees form symbiotic
relationships with their bacteria and fungi. Microbial composition and abundance affect bee …

Most spiders are natural enemies of pests, and it is beneficial for the biological control of
pests to learn the relationships between symbionts and their spider hosts. Research on the …