This mini-review summarizes the current evidence for the role of macrophage activation and
polarization in inflammation and immune response pertinent to interstitial lung disease …

Pirfenidone (PFN) is an anti-fibrotic drug with significant anti-inflammatory property used for
treatment of fibrotic conditions such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In the coronavirus …

Pulmonary fibrosis results from dysregulated lung repair and involves multiple cell types.
The role of endothelial cells (EC) in lung fibrosis is poorly understood. Using single cell RNA …

Pulmonary endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are critical for neonatal lung angiogenesis
and represent a subset of general capillary cells (gCAPs). Molecular mechanisms through …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and ultimately fatal disease. Recent
findings have shown a marked metabolic reprogramming associated with changes in …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and diffuse form of interstitial lung disease of
unknown etiology with a fatal outcome. Although various strategies for IPF have been …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lethal interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology
with a poor prognosis. It is a chronic and progressive disease that has a distinct radiological …

As the outbreak of COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2) first broke out in Hubei Province, China, at the end of 2019. It has brought …

Connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) is a severe
manifestation of CTD that leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Clinically, ILD can …

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a severe and deadly form of diffuse
parenchymal lung disease and treatment options are few. Alveolar epithelial type 2 (AEC2) …