Affected by soil erosion and material deterioration, road subsurface is prone to distress such
as cavities, water-rich, and cracks. Ground penetrating radar (GPR), as a real-time …

Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technologies are increasingly used to provide information
about the subsurface integrity of structural components. While NDE can provide powerful …

Deep learning is extensively utilised in transport geotechnical engineering. However, deep
architectures have large computational costs and update times, while failing to understand …

The application of deep learning algorithms for subsurface distress detection using ground
penetrating radar (GPR) data has seen extensive utilization. However, a significant …

Unknown objects in agricultural soil can be important because they may impact the health
and productivity of the soil and the crops that grow in it. Challenges in collecting soil …

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a non-destructive test used as imaging tool for
exploration of shallow subsurface such locating the buried infrastructures. Due to the …

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a nondestructive test used for shallow subsurface
investigation such as land mine detection, mapping and locating buried utilities. In practical …

In-service structures experience many changes and damages during construction and
operation, affecting their serviceability and remaining life. Infrastructure assessment …