While the share of intermittent renewable energy sources in a power sector is constantly
increasing, demand response technologies are becoming a crucial part of interconnected …

This article provides the state-of-the-art on the optimal planning and design of future district
heating (DH) systems. The purpose is to provide practical information of first-step actions for …

As one of the environmentally friendly technologies, heat pumps have been widely utilized
in residential and commercial buildings all over the world. The use of renewable energy …

Due to heat prosumers' dual roles of heat producer and heat consumer, the future district
heating (DH) systems will become more flexible and competitive. However, the current …

Geothermal energy is an abundant and clean energy source that is abundant and widely
and naturally distributed in the earth. Deep coaxial borehole heat exchanger (DCBHE) can …

Direct ground cooling (DGC) is a method used in cold climates to provide cooling to
buildings without the use of any mechanical refrigeration. When DGC is utilized for providing …

Hybrid heating systems with ground source heat pumps (GSHP) and district heating and
cooling offer flexibility in operation to both building owners and energy providers. The …

Deep coaxial borehole heat exchangers (CBHEs) have been considered to enable cost and
energy savings in building energy systems. However, achieving improved performance …

The non-water working fluid is crucial to evaluate and optimize the thermal performance of
the coaxial borehole heat exchanger (CBHE). An unsteady heat transfer model is built to …

The price of district heating in Sweden is unregulated and differs substantially among
different networks. This paper investigates if the price variation can partly be explained by …