Over the past 15 years, there has been an increase in youth sports participation with a
concomitant increase in early year-round training in a single sport. Many factors contribute to …

Rehabilitation of the patient with glenohumeral impingement requires a complete
understanding of the structures involved and the underlying mechanism creating the …

Background: Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) indicates a 20° or greater loss of
internal rotation of the throwing shoulder compared with the nondominant shoulder …

Background: Range of motion deficits in shoulder external rotation (ER), internal rotation
(IR), total rotation range of motion (ER+ IR), and horizontal adduction (HA) have been …

In the 10 years since the current concept series entitled “The Disabled Throwing Shoulder:
Spectrum of Pathology” was conceived and written, many studies have been reported that …

The overhead throwing motion is an extremely skillful and intricate movement. When
pitching, the overhead throwing athlete places extraordinary demands on the shoulder …

The biomechanical analysis of rehabilitation exercises has led to more scientifically based
rehabilitation programs. Several investigators have sought to quantify the biomechanics and …

Background The overhead throwing athlete has unique range of motion characteristics of
the shoulder and elbow. Numerous theories exist to explain these characteristics; however …

The repetitive nature of throwing manifests characteristic adaptive changes to the shoulder,
scapulothoracic, and hip/pelvis complexes that result in a set of unique physical traits in the …

HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesized that posterior capsule thickness (PCT) would be greater on
the dominant arm compared to the non-dominant arm. We also hypothesized that PCT …