Abstract Critical Infrastructures (CIs) have become the backbone of the economy and
functionality of the built environment among all nations. The absence of a universally …

Local governments face critical challenges in the era of digital transformation, balancing the
responsibility of safeguarding resident information and administrative documents while …

The goal of this systematic and broad survey is to present and discuss the main challenges
that are posed by the implementation of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in the …

Today, the built environment is designed, built, and managed using digital technology,
making it increasingly exposed to cyber security risks. Cybersecurity is a general topic, and …

Industrial control systems (ICSs) are facing serious and evolving security threats because of
a variety of malicious attacks. Deep learning-based intrusion detection systems (IDSs) have …

Hybrid threats exploit vulnerabilities in digital infrastructures, posing significant challenges to
democratic countries and the resilience of critical infrastructures (CIs). This study explores …

The rapid urbanization and digital transformation of cities across Africa have given rise to the
concept of Smart Cities, where advanced technologies are integrated to enhance efficiency …

Water distribution systems (WDS) are essential infrastructures susceptible to cyber-physical
attacks (CPA) and thus require advanced defence mechanisms. This study introduces a …

In light of the rising threats of cyberattacks on critical infrastructures, cybersecurity has
become a high priority for government agencies worldwide. In particular, the severity of …

Nowadays, critical infrastructure and systems are getting more and more interconnected,
while facing increasing and more intensive hazards: from man-made to natural ones …