In recent years, the noninvasive monitoring of steroid hormone metabolites in feces of
mammals and droppings of birds has become an increasingly popular technique. It offers …

Conservation medicine is a discipline in which researchers and conservationists study and
respond to the dynamic interplay between animals, humans, and the environment. From a …

The stress response, which involves joint activity of the nervous and endocrine systems, is
one of the basic adaptive mechanisms that ensures the survival of the individual. The …

Rats are widely used in biomedical research as animal models for human diseases.
However, due to their small body size, blood sampling is complicated and invasive and …

Transgenic CBA mice expressing either the tyrosine kinase GTK (gut tyrosine kinase) or the
adaptor protein SHB (Src homology 2 protein of beta-cells) under the control of the rat …

Six 8‐week‐old Sprague‐Dawley rats were studied for 9 days divided into three periods of 3
days each: before transferral to metabolism cages, during metabolic cage housing and after …

The effect of chronic daily orogastric gavage with water (5 mL/kg) on behavior and
physiology was evaluated in male Sprague–Dawley rats. Treatment groups included …

Sleep disorders increase pain sensitivity and the risk of developing painful conditions;
however, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. It has been suggested that …

Fasting is a common procedure for animals in experiments. Although fasting may be
necessary for scientific reasons, it should be minimized. In the current study, jugular …

Jugular catheters were inserted in nine male rats under general isofluorane anesthesia and
the catheters were connected to a commercially available computerized blood sampling …