Preclinical studies of the T cell growth factor activity of IL-2 resulted in this cytokine
becoming the first immunotherapy to be approved nearly 30 years ago by the US Food and …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative
disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS). MS is characterized by immune …

Natural killer (NK) cells, the large granular lymphocytes differentiated from the common
lymphoid progenitors, were discovered in early 1970's. They are members of innate …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease triggered by environmental factors that act
on a genetically susceptible host. It features three clinical stages: a pre-clinical stage …

There is growing recognition that B cell contributions to normal immune responses extend
well beyond their potential to become antibody-producing cells, including roles at the innate …

Abstract The interleukin (IL)-2–IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) pathway is important in immunity, but is
also involved in maintenance of self-tolerance. This paradox is further complicated by …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex neurodegenerative disease affecting the central
nervous system (CNS). The onset of MS has been typically observed in individuals aged …

Marine algae have attracted a great deal of interest as excellent sources of nutrients.
Polysaccharides are the main components in marine algae, hence a great deal of attention …

Nine cancer patients were treated with adoptive cell therapy using autologous anti-MAGE-
A3 T-cell receptors (TCR)-engineered T cells. Five patients experienced clinical regression …

While no single model can exactly recapitulate all aspects of multiple sclerosis (MS), animal
models are essential in understanding the induction and pathogenesis of the disease and to …