The defining characteristics of ENSO extremes and the strong 2015/2016 El Niño

A Santoso, MJ Mcphaden, W Cai - Reviews of Geophysics, 2017 - Wiley Online Library
The year 2015 was special for climate scientists, particularly for the El Niño Southern
Oscillation (ENSO) research community, as a major El Niño finally materialized after a long …

Recent progress on two types of El Niño: Observations, dynamics, and future changes

SW Yeh, JS Kug, SI An - Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2014 - Springer
The climate community has made significant progress in observing, understanding and
predicting El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) over the last 30 years. In spite of that …

Projections of faster onset and slower decay of El Niño in the 21st century

H Lopez, SK Lee, D Kim, AT Wittenberg… - Nature …, 2022 - nature.com
Future changes in the seasonal evolution of the El Niño—Southern Oscillation (ENSO)
during its onset and decay phases have received little attention by the research community …

Strong and moderate nonlinear El Niño regimes

K Takahashi, B Dewitte - Climate dynamics, 2016 - Springer
It has been previously proposed that two El Niño (EN) regimes, strong and moderate, exist
but the historical observational record is too short to establish this conclusively. Here, 1200 …

[HTML][HTML] Cold tongue and warm pool ENSO events in CMIP5: Mean state and future projections

AS Taschetto, AS Gupta, NC Jourdain… - Journal of …, 2014 - journals.ametsoc.org
Cold Tongue and Warm Pool ENSO Events in CMIP5: Mean State and Future Projections in:
Journal of Climate Volume 27 Issue 8 (2014) Jump to Content Jump to Main Navigation …

Impacts of tropical North Atlantic and equatorial Atlantic SST anomalies on ENSO

L Jiang, T Li - Journal of Climate, 2021 - journals.ametsoc.org
The sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) in the tropical Atlantic during boreal spring
and summer shows two dominant modes: a basin-warming mode and a meridional dipole …

ENSO irregularity and asymmetry

SI An, E Tziperman, YM Okumura… - El Niño Southern …, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
Summary The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is characterized by being irregular or
nonperiodic and asymmetric between El Niño and La Niña with respect to amplitude …

[HTML][HTML] Relative roles of dynamic and thermodynamic processes in causing evolution asymmetry between El Niño and La Niña

M Chen, T Li, X Shen, B Wu - Journal of Climate, 2016 - journals.ametsoc.org
Relative Roles of Dynamic and Thermodynamic Processes in Causing Evolution
Asymmetry between El Niño and La Niña in: Journal of Climate Volume 29 Issue 6 (2016) …

[HTML][HTML] ENSO asymmetry in CMIP5 models

T Zhang, DZ Sun - Journal of Climate, 2014 - journals.ametsoc.org
ENSO Asymmetry in CMIP5 Models in: Journal of Climate Volume 27 Issue 11 (2014) Jump
to Content Jump to Main Navigation Logo Logo Logo Logo Logo Logo JOURNALS Artificial …

Mechanisms linking multi-year La Niña with preceding strong El Niño

T Iwakiri, M Watanabe - Scientific Reports, 2021 - nature.com
Abstract El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), characterized by anomalous sea surface
temperature in the central-eastern equatorial Pacific, is a dominant interannual variability …