Social scientists have sketched four distinct theories to explain a phenomenon that appears
to have ramped up in recent years, the diffusion of policies across countries. Constructivists …

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is famous for its practice of conditionality—making
the disbursement of resources to national governments contingent on the performance of …

prescriptions becomes weaker. Last but not least, the more distant countries and regions are
from Europe, the less significant efforts by the EU become to directly influence institutional …

Based on a detailed study of 35 cases in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and post-communist
Eurasia, this book explores the fate of competitive authoritarian regimes between 1990 and …

In the process of the EU's eastern enlargement, the Central and Eastern European countries
(CEECs) have undergone a major process of external governance. What are the main …

Europe Undivided analyzes how an enlarging EU has facilitated a convergence toward
liberal democracy among credible future members of the EU in Central and Eastern Europe …

In recent decades, governments and NGOs--in an effort to promote democracy, freedom,
fairness, and stability throughout the world--have organized teams of observers to monitor …

This article builds on the recent policy diffusion literature and attempts to overcome one of its
major problems, namely the lack of a coherent theoretical framework. The literature defines …

Starting from the findings of an earlier compliance study covering the 15 'old'Member States
of the European Union, which identified three 'worlds of compliance', this article seeks to …

The European Union has played the most important role in stimulating political change in
post-World War II Europe. Turkey had to become more democratic in order to attain …