In the evolving landscape of critical infrastructure security, the increasing sophistication of
cyber threats poses challenges, particularly to the power grid's new technology …

Energy systems require radical changes due to the conflicting needs of combating climate
change and meeting rising energy demands. These revolutionary decentralization …

The present trends in the area of smartgrids indicate that future transmission and distribution
systems will heavily rely on digital and on communication technologies to operate. Indeed …

Our test environment incorporates a unique blend of physical, emulated, and virtualized
components, spanning from electrical substations to SCADA systems, thereby offering a …

Cybersecurity is defined as one of EU strategic digital capabilities [1]; securing an IT
environment is essential [2]. The EU has recently launched the EU Cyber-security strategy to …

Due to the critical location of industrial control systems, any vulnerability or threat to their
security can seriously affect public order. Today, there is a need for testbed centers that offer …

Nowadays, Industrial Control Systems became more vulnerable because of integration of
Information Systems and Operational Systems. And also critical infrastructures, such as …