MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of posttranscriptional regulators that have recently
introduced an additional level of intricacy to our understanding of gene regulation. There are …

One signal that is overactivated in a wide range of tumour types is the production of a
phospholipid, phosphatidylinositol (3, 4, 5) trisphosphate, by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase …

▪ Abstract The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) family of enzymes is recruited upon growth
factor receptor activation and produces 3′ phosphoinositide lipids. The lipid products of …

MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) has emerged as a critical regulator of immune cell development,
function, and disease. However, the mechanistic basis for its impact on the hematopoietic …

With the detailed description and analysis of several inhibitory receptor systems on lymphoid
and myeloid cells, a central paradigm has emerged in which the pairing of activation and …

Recent evidence indicates that B cells are instructed continuously by B-cell receptor (BCR)
signals to make crucial cell-fate decisions at several checkpoints during their development …

The receptors for the Fc of immunoglobulins, Fc receptors (FcRs), link the humoral and
cellular branches of the immune system, and they have important functions in the activation …

Mice lacking the p110δ catalytic subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase have reduced
numbers of B1 and marginal zone B cells, reduced levels of serum immunoglobulins …

The PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10) tumour
suppressor is a PI (phosphoinositide) 3-phosphatase that can inhibit cellular proliferation …

In the past several years, extensive studies on the mechanisms underlying IL-4 and IL-13
signaling have enabled us to gain insight into how these cytokines regulate immune …