Successful pregnancy requires carefully-coordinated communications between the mother
and fetus. Immune cells and cytokine signaling pathways participate as mediators of these …

The interferons (IFNs) are a primary defense against pathogens because of the strong
antiviral activities they induce. IFNs can be classified into three groups: type I, type II and …

IFN-τ is a secretory product of trophectoderm of cattle, sheep, and their relatives and is
expressed for a few days in early pregnancy after the blastocyst first forms. It serves to alert …

Contents Early embryonic development, implantation and maintenance of a pregnancy are
critically dependent on an intact embryo‐maternal communication. So far, only few signals …

In cattle, the blastocyst hatches from the zona pellucida on days 8 to 9 and then forms a
conceptus that grows and elongates into an ovoid and then filamentous shape between …

Interferon-τ is a major product of ovine and bovine conceptuses during the period before the
trophoblast makes firm attachment to the uterine wall and begins to form a placenta. Its …

Two-way communication between the conceptus and the mother during early pregnancy is
essential if the pregnancy is to survive. In this review, our primary focus is on biochemical …

This article reviews the function of cytokines during early pregnancy of mammals including
the human species. Investigations concerning conceptus and other secretory proteins, their …

Uterine-derived factors are essential for conceptus development and secretion of the
maternal recognition-of-pregnancy factor, interferon-τ (IFNT), in ruminant species. The …

The overall aim of this work was to examine the expression profiles for fibroblast growth
factor receptors (FGFRs) and describe their biological importance during bovine pre-and …