Culicoides midges are abundant hematophagous flies that vector arboviruses of veterinary
and medical importance. Dramatic changes in the epidemiology of Culicoides-borne …

Simple Summary Current acute pain assessment protocols in domestic animals require the
use of a suite of methods to evaluate the multidimensional components of pain. Thermal …

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the causative agent of a major disease of livestock (bluetongue).
For over two decades, it has been widely accepted that the 10 segments of the dsRNA …

Bluetongue is an arthropod-transmitted viral disease of ruminants and certain other animals
that was recognized and described more than 100 years ago in southern Africa. Bluetongue …

Arthropod-transmitted viruses (Arboviruses) are important causes of disease in humans and
animals, and it is proposed that climate change will increase the distribution and severity of …

Simple Summary Animals provide food and other critical resources to much of the global
population. Transboundary animal diseases are highly contagious or transmissible …

A specific concept of strain was developed in order to classify the BTV serotypes ever
reported in Europe based on their properties of animal health impact: the genotype …

Vaccination continues to be the main approach to protect animals from infectious diseases.
Until recently, all licensed vaccines were developed using conventional technologies …

During the compulsory vaccination programme against bluetongue virus serotype 1 (BTV-1)
in Corsica (France) in 2014, a BTV strain belonging to a previously uncharacterized …

Bluetongue (BT) is an economically important, non-contagious viral disease of domestic and
wild ruminants. BT is caused by BT virus (BTV) and it belongs to the genus Orbivirus and …