Macrophages are first responders for the immune system. In this role, they have both effector
functions for neutralizing pathogens and sentinel functions for alerting other immune cells of …

Immune sentinel cells initiate immune responses to pathogens and tissue injury and are
capable of producing highly stimulus-specific responses. Insight into the mechanisms …

Long-term survival of bacterial pathogens during persistent bacterial infections can be
associated with antibiotic treatment failure and poses a serious public health problem …

Single-cell image analysis provides a powerful approach for studying cell-to-cell
heterogeneity, which is an important attribute of isogenic cell populations, from microbial …

Cells must be able to interpret signals they encounter and reliably generate an appropriate
response. It has long been known that the dynamics of transcription factor and kinase …

Phagocytic cells, such as macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells, ingest particles
larger than about 0.5 μM and thereby clear microbial pathogens and malignant cells from …

The NF-κB signaling pathway is crucial for cellular responses to environmental factors.
Several studies have tried to decipher the mechanism of cells utilizing this pathway for …

The immunologic consequences of using bactericidal versus bacteriostatic antibiotic
treatments are unclear. We observed a bacteriostatic (growth halting) treatment was more …

Phosphoinositides are important molecules in lipid signaling, membrane identity, and
trafficking that are spatiotemporally controlled by factors from both mammalian cells and …

Spatially coordinated ERK signaling events (“SPREADs”) transmit radially from a central
point to adjacent cells via secreted ligands for EGFR and other receptors. SPREADs …