Macrophages play an important role in cancer development and metastasis.
Proinflammatory M1 macrophages can phagocytose tumor cells, while anti‐inflammatory M2 …

Red blood cells (RBCs) and RBC membrane-derived nanoparticles have been historically
developed as bioinspired drug delivery systems to combat the issues of premature …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are naturally occurring cell-secreted nanoparticles that play
important roles in many physiological and pathological processes. EVs enable intercellular …

Cell membrane-coated (CMC) mimics are micro/nanosystems that combine an isolated cell
membrane and a template of choice to mimic the functions of a cell. The design exploits its …

The therapeutic benefits of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) transplantation are attributed to
their secreted factors, including extracellular vesicles (EVs) and soluble factors. The …

Inspired by natural biology, cell membrane-mimetic surface engineering and cell membrane
camouflaging technology have been widely investigated. Notably, the cell membrane …

Cell primitive-based functional materials that combine the advantages of natural substances
and nanotechnology have emerged as attractive therapeutic agents for cancer therapy. Cell …

Cell membrane camouflaged nanoparticles (NPs) have been increasingly explored to
leverage natural cellular functions and adapt to various biomedical applications. Herein, we …

Nanoparticle capture and elimination by the immune system are great obstacles for drug
delivery. Camouflaging nanoparticles with cell membrane represents a promising strategy to …

Inflammation is ubiquitous in the body, triggering desirable immune response to defend
against dangerous signals or instigating undesirable damage to cells and tissues to cause …