DNA is stored in vivo in a highly compact, so-called condensed phase, where gene
regulatory processes are governed by the intricate interplay between different states of DNA …

Multi-component signal transduction pathways and gene regulatory circuits underpin
integrated cellular responses to perturbations. A recurring set of network motifs serve as the …

In multicellular organisms, gene regulatory circuits generate thousands of molecularly
distinct, mitotically heritable states through the property of multistability. Designing synthetic …

Cooperative binding of transcription factors (TFs) to promoters and other regulatory regions
is essential for precise gene expression. The classical model of cooperativity requires direct …

One of the most important problems in development is how epigenetic domains can first be
established, and then maintained, within cells. To address this question, we propose a …

Gonadal hormone 17β-estradiol (E2) and its receptors are key regulators of gene
transcription by binding to estrogen responsive elements in the genome. Besides the …

A key feature of Notch signaling is that it directs immediate changes in transcription via the
DNA-binding factor CSL, switching it from repression to activation. How Notch generates …

Signaling networks that convert graded stimuli into binary, all-or-none cellular responses are
critical in processes ranging from cell-cycle control to lineage commitment. To exhaustively …

Embryonic stem cells exhibit pluripotency: they can differentiate into all types of somatic
cells. Pluripotent genes such as Oct4 and Nanog are activated in the pluripotent state, and …

The cell establishes heritable patterns of active and silenced chromatin via interacting
factors that set, remove, and read epigenetic marks. To understand how the underlying …