Most tumours are derived from a single cell that is transformed into a cancer-initiating cell
(cancer stem cell) that has the capacity to proliferate and form tumours in vivo. However, the …

Ever since the elucidation of the main structural and functional features of eukaryotic cells
and subsequent discovery of the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria and plastids, two …

Tumor formation involves the accumulation of a series of genetic alterations that are
required for malignant growth. In most malignancies, genetic changes can be observed at …

Evolution of receptor specificity by viruses has several implications for viral pathogenesis,
host range, virus-mediated gene targeting, and viral adaptation after organ transplantation …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are self-renewing and slow-multiplying micro subpopulations in
tumour microenvironments. CSCs contribute to cancer's resistance to radiation (including …

The initial analysis of complete genomes has suggested that horizontal gene transfer events
are very frequent between microorganisms. This could potentially render the inference, and …

The eukaryotic replicative DNA polymerases are similar to those of large DNA viruses of
eukaryotic and bacterial T4 phages but not to those of eubacteria. We develop and examine …

The genomic core concept has found several uses in comparative and evolutionary
genomics. Defined as the set of all genes common to (ubiquitous among) all genomes in a …

Horizontal gene transfer is the collective name for processes that permit the exchange of
DNA among organisms of different species. Only recently has it been recognized as a …

The molecular events that lead to the cancer-initiating cell involve critical mutations in genes
regulating normal cell growth and differentiation. Cancer stem cells, or cancer initiating cells …