Evolutionary genetics has recently made enormous progress in understanding how genetic
variation maps into phenotypic variation. However, why some traits are phenotypically …

▪ Abstract Variation in the subtle differences between right and left sides of bilateral
characters, or fluctuating asymmetry (FA), has long been considered to be primarily …

Short-term evolutionary potential depends on the additive genetic variance in the
population. The additive variance is often measured as heritability, the fraction of the total …

Sexual dimorphism (SD) is a defining feature of gonochorous animals and dioecious plants,
but the evolution of SD from an initially monomorphic genome presents a conundrum …

Many evolutionary arguments are based on the assumption that quantitative characters are
highly evolvable entities that can be rapidly moulded by changing selection pressures. The …

Dominance and epistatic effects are predicted to be larger in life‐history than in
morphological traits. We test these predictions using published results from line cross …

Fluctuating asymmetry refers to small deviations from a prior expectation of symmetric
development in morphological traits (Ludwig, 1932). Across a population, signed …

Adaptation is usually conceived as the fit of a population mean to a fitness optimum. Natural
selection, however, does not act only to optimize the population mean. Rather, selection …

The genetic basis of fluctuating asymmetry (FA), or nondirectional variation in the subtle
differences between left and right sides of bilateral characters, continues to be of …

The effect of exposure to sodium arsenite during development was tested on adult
fluctuating asymmetry (FA) in sternopleural bristle number, bristle number, body size and …