Cotton is an irreplaceable economic crop currently domesticated in the human world for its
extremely elongated fiber cells specialized in seed epidermis, which makes it of high …

Fleshy fruits have evolved to be attractive to frugivores in order to enhance seed dispersal,
and have become an indispensable part of the human diet. Here we review the recent …

Abnormal high temperature (HT) caused by global warming threatens plant survival and
food security, but the effects of HT on plant organ identity are elusive. Here, we show that …

Plant microRNAs (miRNAs) affect only a small number of targets with high sequence
complementarity, while animal miRNAs usually have hundreds of targets with limited …

The upper side of the angiosperm leaf is specialized for efficient capture of sunlight whereas
the lower side is specialized for gas exchange. In Arabidopsis, the establishment of polarity …

Lateral organs produced by shoot apical and flower meristems exhibit a fundamental
abaxial-adaxial asymmetry. We describe three members of the YABBY gene family …

Plants attract mutualistic animals by offering a reward of nectar. Specifically, floral nectar
(FN) is produced to attract pollinators, whereas extrafloral nectar (EFN) mediates indirect …

Leaves and floral organs are polarized along their adaxial–abaxial (dorsal–ventral) axis. In
Arabidopsis, this difference is particularly obvious in the first two rosette leaves, which …

Data from the Arabidopsis genome project suggest that more than 5% of the genes of this
plant encode transcription factors. The necessity for the use of genomic analytical …

In this article, we report that carpel specification in the Oryza sativa (rice) flower is regulated
by the floral homeotic gene DROOPING LEAF (DL) that is distinct from the well-known ABC …