Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is an RNA interference-based technology used to
transiently knock down target gene expression by utilizing modified plant viral genomes …

Genome editing provides novel strategies for improving plant traits but mostly relies on
conventional plant genetic transformation and regeneration procedures, which can be …

Plant RNA virus‐based guide RNA (gRNA) delivery has substantial advantages compared
to that of the conventional constitutive promoter‐driven expression due to the rapid and …

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play an important role in innate immunity
against various pathogens in plants and animals. However, we know very little about the …

Accurate and reliable gene expression data from qPCR depends on stable reference gene
expression for potential gene functional analyses. In this study, 15 reference genes were …

Abstract Background N 6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common RNA modification in
eukaryotes and has been implicated as a novel epigenetic marker that is involved in various …

The increasingly used real time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) method
for gene expression analysis requires one or several reference gene (s) acting as …

Aluminum oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are two of the mostly produced
engineered metal oxide NPs. Here, barley germination and root elongation as well as gene …

Biomedical applications often exploit the biodegradability and biocompatibility of natural
polysaccharides. In this study, polysaccharide extracts from Chondrus crispus (CC) were …

Mulberry (Morus alba L.) is the sole food source for the mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori and
therefore important for sericulture industry. Different abiotic stress conditions like drought …