Frameshift and wild-type proteins are often highly similar because the genetic code and genomes were optimized for frameshift tolerance

X Wang, Q Dong, G Chen, J Zhang, Y Liu, Y Cai - BMC genomics, 2022 - Springer
Frameshift mutations have been considered of significant importance for the molecular
evolution of proteins and their coding genes, while frameshift protein sequences encoded in …

Exceptional error minimization in putative primordial genetic codes

AS Novozhilov, EV Koonin - Biology direct, 2009 - Springer
Background The standard genetic code is redundant and has a highly non-random
structure. Codons for the same amino acids typically differ only by the nucleotide in the third …