Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is an orphan, fatal, adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder of
uncertain etiology that is clinically characterized by various combinations of parkinsonism …

Z. Ahmed, YT Asi, A. Sailer, AJ Lees, H. Houlden, T. Revesz and JL Holton (2012)
Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology38, 4–24 The neuropathology, pathophysiology …

Background: A consensus conference on multiple system atrophy (MSA) in 1998
established criteria for diagnosis that have been accepted widely. Since then, clinical …

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare oligodendroglial α-synucleinopathy characterized by
neurodegeneration in striatonigral and olivopontocerebellar regions and autonomic brain …

This report summarizes the recommendations of the multiple system atrophy (MSA) Working
Group on Diagnostic Neuropathology Criteria for MSA that was part of an international MSA …

To this day, the cause of multiple system atrophy (MSA) remains stubbornly enigmatic. A
growing body of observations regarding the clinical, morphological, and biochemical …

Autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) can present with a large variety of
noncerebellar symptoms, including movement disorders. In fact, movement disorders are …

Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) presents heterogeneous clinical phenotypes, and
parkinsonism is reported in diverse SCA subtypes. Both levodopa responsive Parkinson …

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare late onset neurodegenerative disorder which
presents with autonomic failure and a complicated motor syndrome including atypical …

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a heterogenous, uniformly fatal neurodegenerative ɑ-
synucleinopathy. Patients present with varying degrees of dysautonomia, parkinsonism …