Learning is traditionally studied in biological or computational systems. The power of
learning frameworks in solving hard inverse problems provides an appealing case for the …

All green plants alternate between the gametophyte and sporophyte life stages, but only
seed‐free vascular plants (ferns and lycophytes) have independent, free‐living …

Climate change is rapidly altering natural habitats and generating complex patterns of
environmental stress. Ferns are major components of many forest understories and, given …

Premise of research. Numbering around 10,000 species, ferns are the second-largest group
of vascular plants. Relatively little work, however, has focused on the population genetic …

The power of independent generations in plants - PMC Skip to main content Here's how you
know Official websites use .gov A .gov website belongs to an official government organization …

Ferns and lycophytes are unique among land plants in having sporophyte (diploid) and
gametophyte (haploid) generations that can grow independently of each other. While most …

Premise Approximately 14% of all fern species have physiologically active chlorophyllous
spores that are much more short‐lived than the more common and dormant achlorophyllous …

Premise Biodiversity is often only measured with species richness; however, this metric
ignores evolutionary history and is not sufficient for making conservation decisions. Here, we …

Premise The gametophytes of different fern species collected in the field can be difficult to
distinguish because of their morphological similarities. Nonetheless, emerging molecular …

Ferns belong to species-rich group of land plants, encompassing more than 11,000 extant
species, and are crucial for reflecting terrestrial ecosystem changes. However, our …