The simultaneous electrochemical determination of multiple tumor antigens has attracted a
great deal of attention, which can effectively enhance the capability and accuracy of the …

Cancer is still one of the leading causes of death in the world. There are over 200 types of
cancers currently known according to the National Cancer Institute. However, early …

Antigen test kits (ATK) are extensively utilized for screening and diagnosing COVID-19
because they are easy to operate. However, ATKs exhibit poor sensitivity and cannot detect …

Abstract This review (with 196 refs.) covers the state of the art in electrochemical and optical
immunoassays for the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). In essence, it has sections on (a) …

The main advances in control and early diagnosis of cancer is greatly aided by low level
detection of tumor markers in biological samples. Extensive efforts have been devoted to …

In recent years, the need for simple, fast, and economical detection of food and
environmental contaminants, and the necessity to monitor biomarkers of different diseases …

Management and prognosis of disease requires the accurate determination of specific
biomarkers indicative of normal or disease-related biological processes or responses to …

Conducting polymers possess good conductivity, can be easily modified, have a particular
redox activity. Noble metal nanomaterials, in turn, possess high conductivity, catalytic …

Some of the cancer biomarkers often lack specificity and sensitivity; thus, simultaneous
detection of multiple biomarkers can make the diagnosis more accurate. Also, simple …

In this article, a novel, label-free, and inherent electroactive redox immunosensor for
carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and Nile blue A (NB) …