Glutamate serves as both the mammalian brain's primary excitatory neurotransmitter and as
a key neuromodulator to control synapse and circuit function over a wide range of spatial …

Experience-dependent learning and memory require multiple forms of plasticity at
hippocampal and cortical synapses that are regulated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors …

Near coincidental pre-and postsynaptic action potentials induce associative long-term
potentiation (LTP) or long-term depression (LTD), depending on the order of their timing …

Postsynaptic scaffolding proteins ensure efficient neurotransmission by anchoring receptors
and signaling molecules in synapse-specific subcellular domains. In turn, posttranslational …

Plasticity at excitatory glutamatergic synapses in the central nervous system is believed to
be critical for neuronal circuits to process and encode information, allowing animals to …

AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are tetrameric ion channels assembled from GluA1–GluA4
subunits that mediate the majority of fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the brain. In the …

Despite their low abundance, phosphoinositides are critical regulators of intracellular
signaling and membrane compartmentalization. However, little is known of phosphoinositide …

Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) is an important
regulator of phosphatidylinositol‐(3, 4, 5,)‐trisphosphate signalling, which controls cell …

Excitatory glutamatergic synapses at dendritic spines exchange and modulate their receptor
content via lateral membrane diffusion. Several studies have shown that the thin spine neck …

NMDA receptor-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD) are forms of
synaptic plasticity underlying learning and memory that are expressed through increases …