Autophagosomes are double-membrane vesicles newly formed during autophagy to engulf
a wide range of intracellular material and transport this autophagic cargo to lysosomes (or …

The liver is a highly dynamic metabolic organ that plays critical roles in plasma protein
synthesis, gluconeogenesis and glycogen storage, cholesterol metabolism and bile acid …

Selective autophagy relies on soluble or membrane-bound cargo receptors that recognize
cargo and bring about autophagosome formation at the cargo. The cargo-bound receptors …

Autophagy is an intracellular degradative process that occurs under several stressful
conditions, including organelle damage, the presence of abnormal proteins, and nutrient …

Targeted protein degradation (TPD) provides unprecedented opportunities for drug
discovery. While the proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology has already …

Protein aggregates and damaged organelles are tagged with ubiquitin chains to trigger
selective autophagy. To initiate mitophagy, the ubiquitin kinase PINK1 phosphorylates …

From yeast to mammals, autophagy is an important mechanism for sustaining cellular
homeostasis through facilitating the degradation and recycling of aged and cytotoxic …

Selective autophagy regulates the abundance of specific cellular components via a
specialized arsenal of factors, termed autophagy receptors, that target protein complexes …

Over the past two decades, the molecular machinery that underlies autophagic responses
has been characterized with ever increasing precision in multiple model organisms …

The lysosome has long been viewed as the recycling center of the cell. However, recent
discoveries have challenged this simple view and have established a central role of the …