The detrimental effects of discrimination are well documented; however, the influence of
ethnic/racial identity (ERI) on this association is equivocal. There is theoretical and empirical …

The construction of an ethnic or racial identity is considered an important developmental
milestone for youth of color. This review summarizes research on links between ethnic and …

This meta-analytic study systematically investigates the relations between perceived
racial/ethnic discrimination and socioemotional distress, academics, and risky health …

This article is guided by two goals:(a) to consider how race-based perspectives can serve as
theoretical tools for investigating Black adolescents' opportunities to belong at school, and …

Parents are the earliest transmitters of ethnic‐racial socialization (ERS), but transmitters
within the school context become more important as youth move into adolescence. Yet, the …

This study examined the associations among racial identity beliefs (centrality and public
regard), racial discrimination, and academic engagement outcomes among 1,659 African …

National data have shown for decades that Black students experience more frequent and
severe disciplinary actions that remove them from school (eg, suspension), compared with …

The chapter begins with a detailed expression of resilience that defines it as a set of
behaviors over time that depends on the opportunities that are available and accessible to …

Supportive relationships with adults at school are critical to student engagement in
adolescence. Additional research is needed to understand how students' racial …

Using a social ecological understanding of resilience, this position paper explores how
schools in different contexts and across cultures influence student resilience by providing …