Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) test hundreds of thousands of genetic variants
across many genomes to find those statistically associated with a specific trait or disease …

Causal inference is essential across the biomedical, behavioural and social sciences. By
progressing from confounded statistical associations to evidence of causal relationships …

A summary genetic measure, called a “polygenic score,” derived from a genome-wide
association study (GWAS) of education can modestly predict a person's educational and …

Polygenic scores are a popular tool for prediction of complex traits. However, prediction
estimates in samples of unrelated participants can include effects of population stratification …

Social science genetics is concerned with understanding whether, how and why genetic
differences between human beings are linked to differences in behaviours and …

During the past decade, polygenic scores have become a fast-growing area of research in
the behavioural sciences. The ability to directly assess people's genetic propensities has …

Various parental characteristics, including psychiatric disorders and parenting behaviours,
are associated with offspring mental health and related outcomes in observational studies …

Abstract Families transmit genes and environments across generations. When parents'
genetics affect their children's environments, these two modes of inheritance can produce an …

The Netherlands Twin Register (NTR) is a national register in which twins, multiples and
their parents, siblings, spouses and other family members participate. Here we describe the …

The field of human behavioral genetics has come full circle. It began by using twin/family
studies to estimate the relative importance of genetic and environmental influences. As large …